The knoll was above Kennedy and to his right (west and north) during the assassination on November 22, 1963. This scenario was first proposed by Anthony Marsh at COPA in 1995. Tindel:My wife always contended he [Kennedy] was waving directly at me. 600 Elm St, Dallas, TX 75202, USA. The Badge Man is an unknown figure that is purportedly present within the Mary Moorman photograph of the assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy in Dealey Plaza on November 22, 1963. Dealey Plaza /dili/ is a city park in the West End Historic District of downtown Dallas, Texas. Just blinding all of us. A jacketed bullet on the trajectory shown in the Croft photograph could pass through the rear section of the limousine and strike the pavement. As it were, one shot . This and subsequent diagrams are based on an illustration by David Simkin, The Kennedy File: The Assassination of President Kennedy (Tressell Publications 1983), page 7. I took the photograph from the south curb on Elm Street across from the north pergola, Photograph by James Altgens (Zapruder frame 255). The TSBDE shooter couldnt hit anything and he will fire again right after the head shot. The Stemmons Freeway sign first appears at Z133 and for 67 frames the back of the sign has no blemishes or camera artifacts. These two men were best friends with both Jack and Bobby Kennedy. Jackie Tindel was filming with his home-movie camera at the corner of Main and Harwood, where the motorcade turned toward its final leg down Elm and into Dealey Plaza at around 12:28 pm. This photograph by Ike Altgens (Atlgens 6) is from Richard Trasks That Day in Dallas (1998). The shooters in the Texas School Book Depository would not have known how many bullet casings to leave behind, so a spotter must have signaled three casings for two hits on Kennedy and one hit on Connally. Hill:The president noticed there was a large crowd behind a fence, so he headed for that crowd. This page was last edited on 12 February 2023, at 19:31. But instead of that we drove out to Carswell, took off, flew to Love Field, then drove through the city. A shooter on top of the Dal-Tex Building could have taken shots #1 & #8, but those shots are already assigned to TSBDE, the patsy location. She cradled the wounded dead President in her lap his blood all over her as they rushed to Parkland Hospital. Oh heck right beside it, I could have touched it. Dealey Plaza is a plaza on the west end of downtown Dallas where the Sixth Floor Museum is now located. 1 Dealey Plaza 2 John F. Kennedy Memorial Plaza 3 Klyde Warren Park 4 Pioneer Plaza, Dallas 5 John Neely Bryan Cabin, Dallas 6 The Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza 7 Dallas City Hall 8 Thanks-Giving Square, Dallas 9 Old Red Museum of Dallas County History & Culture, Texas 10 Giant Eyeball, Dallas 11 Dallas County Courthouse Keep in mind that there was supposed to be coordination of the shots and that Oswald, supposedly at TSBDE, was going to be blamed for the assassination. The groove in the sidewalk on the north side of Elm Street lines up with TSBDW but not as a credible shot at the President. As I meticulously explain in chapter 17 of my book, the shot that struck JFK in the throat, came from the South knoll underneath the triple underpass. That is why in our Blender 3D model I have used his map as an essential reference image. threw up a flash of dust where it hit the concrete curb, and I saw a bunch of people fall and I 20 There was a furrow in the grass near the manhole on the south curb of Elm Street just west of the north pergola. The "X" marking the approximate spot in Dallas' Dealey Plaza where President John F. Kennedy was assassinated 50 years ago is no more. JFK Witnesses", Testimony of Clinton J. Hill, Special Agent, Secret Service, Commission Exhibit 2118: View From North Tower of Union Terminal Company, Dallas, Texas, "Lee Bowers: The Man Behind the Grassy Knoll", "The JFK Assassination Dallas Police Tapes: History in Real Time", Photograph of Harold Norman, Bonnie Ray Williams, and James Jarman, Jr. showing their positions on the fifth floor of the Texas School Book Depository as the motorcade passed, Warren Commission Hearings, vol. Dallas County Administration Building. The Dealey Plaza Historic District was named a National Historic Landmark on the 30th anniversary of the assassination, to preserve Dealey Plaza, street rights-of-way, and buildings and structures by the plaza visible from the assassination site, that have been identified as witness locations or as possible locations for the assassin. Tague said he heard the weak first shot that sounded like a firecracker. From the confusion surrounding the rifle it appears that something went wrong. Witt says he was at Dealey Plaza the day of JFK's assassination in 1963, with the intention of heckling Kennedy, not killing him. Captured complete assassination sequence. In 1964, just a year after the assassination, the Warren Commission had concluded that only three shots were fired at the motorcade as it entered Dealey Plaza, all from behind, and all from Oswald . Frame Z203 is blurred; the line is less distinct but there is a pattern of discoloration radiating out from the line. ", "John F. Kennedy Memorial Plaza Historical Marker", "Documents State JFK's Dallas Coffin Disposed At Sea", "Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives", "Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy", "Appendix 13: Biography of Lee Harvey Oswald", The President John F. Kennedy Assassination Records Collection, JFK Assassination:A look back at the death of President John F. Kennedy 50 years ago, "November 22, 1963: Death of the President", "Weisberg Collection on the JFK Assassination", University of Texas at Arlington Libraries Special Collections, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy&oldid=1141100333. Some witnesses reported a shot to the pavement behind the limousine and some reported a shot to the pavement in front, between the limousine and the lead car. (A small plaque commemorating the assassination is located in the plaza.). SIX JFK SHOOTERS - 3 TIED TO CIA . By the fall of 1963, President John F. Kennedy and his political advisers were preparing for the next presidential campaign. He stood next to Umbrella Man, and according to the image from the day, lifted up his hand as Kennedy passed by in his limousine. The Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Paza, Dallas, Texas - Photo: Katerina Papathanasiou/The Vale Magazine I assume that the TSBDE shooter used the Mannlicher-Carcano rifle, which FBI analysts said shot high. His umbrella . It was a very hot day. The site has been called the "birthplace of Dallas" or the "front door of Dallas" and dates back to the 1840s. The deep indentation in the chrome frame of the windshield was caused by a direct hit from a nearly horizontal direction, which makes DTB the only possible shooter location. I believe only one bullet is indicated by items 9-12. Reported by Colleen Curry | Developed By Greg Atria, Dealey Plaza, a rectangular patch of grass and government buildings in downtown Dallas, Texas, became a focal point of history on the afternoon of Nov. 22, 1963. WAS LEE HARVEY OSWALD AS GOOD A SHOTAS THEY CLAIM? This super closeup of the Cancellare photograph shows that the area in question had ample clearance to allow a shot without any cars interfering. http://img835.imageshack.us/img835/3pdated1111.gif, First Shot From TSBDE to the south curb of Elm Street Z150. 21 A man was observed and photographed picking up something in the grass and putting it in his pocket. He was trying to keep the president away from the crowd. They were very friendly. It was the location of the first home built in Dallas, which also became the first courthouse and post office, the first store, and the first fraternal lodge. Some witnesses said they saw smoke or sparks. Learn more. One of the ongoing mysteries of Dealey Plaza is the origin of the fragment that hit James Tague. From the oral-history project: The Secret Service man that was on the left-rear-side of the limousine, he was holding on to the handle and there was no one on the right side. The blond woman (Karan Hicks) has turned around to look at the sign. The doctors at Parkland Hospital still insist that the throat wound was an entry wound; they did not see the back wound. There is a hint of deformation on the edge of the sign and you can see the back of a blond womans head. It's also located at the same spot where JFK was shot by Lee Harvey Oswald on November 22, 1963 (JKF passed away 30 minutes after the shooting at Parkland Memorial Hospital, also in Dallas). Open in Google Maps. 10 Governor Connally had a shattered right wrist. And he said, in his Boston accent, that I cant because theres too many people here and he would have to give autographs to everybody. Bill Newman:I recall the president turning right on to Houston Street, then the car going that short block and turning back left on Elm. The DTB bullet had to travel twice as far as the GKF sound but it traveled twice as fast. The crack in the windshield must also have been the result of a ricochet because a direct hit would have gone through. This shot completes the picture of the totality of circumstances. Gary Mack, the curator of the Sixth Floor Museum in Dealey Plaza, writes for LightBox on how one rare photo, taken by Jim MacCammon of Lee Harvey Oswald's arrest, suggests that the 24-year-old . I was out in the middle of the street. I believe in a throat to back trajectory. The first shot was described by many witnesses as being like a firecracker or like a rifle shot that was not as loud as the other shots. Mary Muchmore Film. . What is Dealey Plaza? One of the areas the police focused on was a parking lot behind the stockade fence that was up on a grassy incline near the street where the motorcade was when the shots began. And I found a spot, one of these concrete blocks they have down near that park, near the underpass. Just after the gun shots rang out in Dealey Plaza the Dallas Police began combing the area around the assassination seen. A problem with a theorized shot to Kennedys back is fitting the shot into the totality of circumstances. But then suddenly governor Connally was yelling, Oh, no, no, no., Zapruder:And as I was shooting, as the president was coming down from Houston Street making his turn, it was about halfway down there, I heard a shot, and he slumped to the side, like this. Tour includes all transportation and entrance fees. Some researchers have posited the hypothesis that a sniper can be seen in one of the Cancellare photographs in the background, where this image of a man with what appears to be a rifle can be seen. The decision to pin an inferior Italian rifle on the patsy was a sign of disrespect for the FBI. By Z230 the back of the sign has cleared up but the original mark is out of frame. The only controversy is whether Connally had to let go of his hat when his wrist was shattered. Here is a shot I took from under the triple overpass in our 2014 road tour, where we (Jim, Gary and I) drove from New Orleans to Dallas for the 51st observance of the assassination. Sixth Floor Museum. However, it appears that he heard two shots before he was injured and a third shot after he was injured. It was the first time the phrase grassy knoll was used in connection to the shooting, according to the museum. The first floor is accessed from the east and stored mechanical equipment. www.assassinationscience.com/johncostella/jfk/intro/index.html. The Kennedy assassination crime scene in Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas. Whitney: You were quite sure it was a hole. Still Believe JFK Killed in a Conspiracy: Mafia, federal government top list of potential conspirators", "Americans: Kennedy Assassination a Conspiracy", "One JFK conspiracy theory that could be true", "United in Remembrance, Divided over Policies", "The best books about the JFK assassination, from Norman Mailer to Don DeLillo", "Q: Why is it called The Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza? 3 The City of Dallas cut out the section of curb with the bullet mark shortly after the Breneman & West survey was completed. Former President Kennedy was assassinated at Dealey Plaza in 1963. Ipswich, MA: Mary Ferrell Foundation Press, 2010) for acoustical correlation to the Zapruder film. On November 22, 2003, the 40th anniversary of JFK assassination, the city of Dallas approved construction project plans to restore Dealey Plaza to its exact appearance on November 22, 1963. And the children knew he was going to be riding by, so when I saw him turn the corner and drive towards us, I leaned down and I said, Well theres Uncle Steve, lets wave.. Abraham Zapruder Film. A straight on shot to the head will produce a forward spray of blood, brain tissue and pieces of bone. The JFK assassination led to a probe by the office of New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison an investigation recreated by Oliver Stone for the 1991 movie "JFK" but a crucial piece of evidence supporting the team's theory linking the CIA to President John F. Kennedy 's murder was found too late! Connallys testimony did not mention this gunshot, which means that his and the Presidents reactions were an unconscious reflex. Consequently there were no fragments available to cause the crack in the windshield. Most of Kennedys tissue was expelled to the rear and to the left, which is the same direction his body went. Professor Jim Fetzer poses at the location believed to have been the position of the sniper who shot JFK through the windshield and his throat. Then I heard the crack of a couple of rifle shots. The line runs from the edge of the sign to the sign post and the discoloration pattern is pronounced. caused by the actions of the police and other spectators in Dealey Plaza indicating the knoll and the depository . The exception was the Texas School Book Depository, which was chosen to incriminate Oswald and not for its desirability as a shooting location. At the plaza's west perimeter is a triple underpass beneath a railroad bridge, under which the motorcade raced after the shots were fired. 1 I relied upon Robert Groden (Groden, Robert J. They gave us flowers. A shot to the pavement behind the limousine is addressed in the narrative on shot #2. JFK Homicide: Forensic Analysis in the JFK Assassination. As we all know, he was in the center lane. There was also a tactical reason for choosing the 6.5 mm Mannlicher-Carcano and that is described in the narrative. Fortunately there are photos that show the tear: Warren Commission CE353a and Zapruder frames 267 & 268. Last week, just days before the 50th anniversary commemoration of the President Kennedy assassination, Dallas street workers removed the white "X" that marked the spot where JFK was shot. We can place two shots from GKF prior to Z313 and there is no compelling reason to believe there was a third shot from GKF. 8 The City of Dallas removed the Stemmons Freeway sign shortly after the assassination. Ellis: The car? Consequently the crack in the windshield was not a through and through hole, despite the testimony of witnesses who say it was. 4 Behind the fence on the grassy knoll GKF (Shots #2 & #4), 5 On the railroad overpass above Commerce Street RROP (Shot #7). James Tague is fortunate that his story made the Dallas newspapers or he would have been killed. Roy Schaeffers hypothesis is that this was way too convenient a spot where a weapon could have been stashed away after the deed, and I cannot agree more. It ain't me doing it. and there was a hole in the left front windshield..ah (17:30) The presence of a bullet hole in the windshield of the limousine was witnessed at Parkland Hospital by motorcycle patrolmen Sargent Stavis Ellis, James Chaney, and Harry Freeman. Whitney: You sure it was a hole? The motorcade, though, took a 10-mile route through downtown "in order to maximize Dallas's exposure to the president," as Bill Minutaglio and Steven L. Davis wrote in their book Dallas 1963. Hoffmans description of the shooter does not resemble the man claiming to have made the shot. There is an even stronger argument in the narrative that rules out a hole in the windshield. Everything was really slow then. The 13-minute flight covered the 30 miles from Fort Worth, a distance that could have been traveled by car. The bullet traveled at a 30-degree angle from the fence on the grassy knoll. This north grassy knoll is adjacent to the former Texas School Book Depository building along the Elm Street abutment side street to the northeast, Elm Street, and a sidewalk to the south, a parking lot to the north and east and a railroad bridge atop the triple underpass convergence of Commerce, Main and Elm streets to the west. Monuments outlining the plaza honor previous prominent Dallas residents and predate President John F. Kennedy's visit by many years. Their observations were recorded by Fred Newcomb in 1971 and were the basis of the Newcomb tapes which in turn was the main theme of my book The JFK Horsemen (2018). Jacqueline Kennedy:I tried to stay close to my husband and lots of times you get pushed away, you know, people leaning over and pulling your hand. So he asked that I write his personal secretary and that she would send me an autographed picture and that would be my excuse for history class. It is sometimes called the "birthplace of Dallas". You do not know the caliber of the bullet nor where the shooter stood, knelt or lay prone. The supervisor didn't have to know there was a conspiracy, cop had been assigned (or volunteered) to shoot Oswald. You had ballistic, fiber experts and so on. The . A free-standing brick elevator tower connects the center to the Sixth Floor Museum in the depository building. That belief was so widespread that a convicted killer came forward and claimed to have fired the shot. Immediately west of the obelisk is a bronze bas relief marker mounted on red granite illustrating President Kennedy's visit to Dallas. After the shooting, Umbrella Man and Radio Man sat on the curb together. However this and the eighth shot are necessary to complete the picture of the assassination. First is Posner's theory that a shot at about Zapruder frame 160 was deflected off a branch of the Live Oak in front of the Depository and hit the curb in front of Dealey Plaza, looking up Elm Street, . We cannot discuss the shot from the front without bringing up the windshield of the JFK limousine. Groden believes it occurred at Z150 (Acoustic Z147) and caused Kennedy to stop waving. "Sniper Kills Kennedy," headlined the Albuquerque Journal. The 35th President, 46-year-old John F. Kennedy, would die in Dallas on November 22, 1963. In frame Z202 the line has extended to the right and the hint of deformation on the edge of the sign is stronger. 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